The Impact of Microscale Environmental Features on Older Adults' Recreational Activities in Shared Spaces of High-Density Residential Neighbourhoods: A Recreationist-Environment Fit Perspective
Authorship: Danyang Lei, Wanying Liang, Weixuan Chen, Kar Him Mo* (*=corresponding author)
Publication Date: April 2026
Abstract: The challenges associated with urban population ageing have underscored the importance of recreation for sustaining well-being in later life, yet the role of neighbourhood microscale design in influencing recreational opportunities has been overlooked. In high-density contexts, shared spaces in residential neighbourhoods are especially important for older adults, however, existing age-friendly frameworks often lack the granularity required to inform detailed design. Guided by the Recreationist-Environment fit (R-E fit) framework, this study examines how environmental features are associated with older adults' outdoor recreation in a high-density residential neighbourhood. A mixed-methods approach was applied, combining behavioural mapping analysed through urban Resource Selection Functions (RSF) and walk-along interviews. Results indicate that covered walkways, benches and water features are significantly positively associated with diverse recreational activities, largely because they fulfil needs related to social interaction and environmental comfort. By contrast, trees and planters, podium gardens, outdoor gyms and playgrounds are associated with reduced participation in certain activities, due to inadequate maintenance, perceived safety concerns and mismatches between older adults’ abilities and skill demands of the recreational settings. This study extends the R-E fit framework by characterising the micro-level stressors and supports defining high-density living. It identifies social opportunities, climate responsiveness, accessibility and management practices as decisive factors of the R-E fit for older adults. This study provides evidence-based microscale design and management strategies that effectively navigate both the constraints and potentials inherent in high-density environments. Ultimately, these insights confirm the framework’s utility for age-friendly neighbourhood planning, underscoring the need for context-sensitive design and management calibrated for high-density residential neighbourhoods.
Publication Journal: Habitat International
